The hippocampus (HC) plays a critical role in transforming specific, context-rich experiences into enduring memories. Rather than being a uniform structure, the HC comprises neuroanatomically and functionally distinct subregions that collectively support both the distinct representation of similar events (specificity) and the extraction of common features (generalization). However, little is known about how these computational processes mature across development and how they relate to the structural maturation of hippocampal subregions. Combining high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and behavioral paradigms, our research investigates the role of hippocampal maturation in early childhood memory development.